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66 Ways to Save Money
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Contents
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Transportation
- Airline Fares
- Car Rental
- New Cars
- Used Cars
- Auto Leasing
- Gasoline
- Car Repairs
Insurance
- Auto Insurance
- Homeowner/Renter Insurance
- Life Insurance
Banking
/ Credit
- Checking
- Savings and Investment Products
- Credit Cards
- Auto Loans
- First Mortgage Loans
- Mortgage Refinancing
- Home Equity Loans
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Housing
- Home Purchase
- Renting a Place to Live
- Home Improvement
- Major Appliances
Utilities
- Electricity
- Home Heating
- Telephone Service
Other
- Food Purchased at Markets
- Prescription Drugs
- Funeral Arrangements
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Airline Fares
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You may lower the price of a
round trip air fare by as much as two-thirds by making certain your
trip includes a Saturday evening stay over, and by purchasing the
ticket in advance.
-
To make certain you have a cheap
fare, even if you use a travel agent, contact all the airlines that
fly where you want to go and ask what the lowest fare to your
destination is.
-
Be flexible, if possible.
Consider using low fare carriers or alternative airports and keep an
eye out for fare wars.
Car Rental
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Since car rental rates can vary
greatly, shop around for the best basic rates. Ask about any
additional charges (extra driver, gas, drop-off fees) and special
offers.
-
Rental car companies offer
various insurance and waiver options. Check with your automobile
insurance agent and credit card company in advance to avoid
duplicating any coverage you may already have.
New Cars
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You can save thousands of dollars
over the lifetime of a car by selecting a model that combines a low
purchase price with low financing, insurance, gasoline, maintenance,
and repair costs. Ask your local librarian for new car guides that
contain this information.
-
Having selected a model, you can
save hundreds of dollars by comparison shopping. Call at least five
dealers for price quotes and let each know that you are calling
others.
-
Remember there is no
"cooling off" period on new car sales. Once you have
signed a contract, you are obligated to buy the car.
Used Cars
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Before buying any used car:
-
Compare the seller's asking
price with the average retail price in a "bluebook" or
other guide to car prices found at many libraries, banks, and
credit unions.
-
Have a mechanic you trust
check the car, especially if the car is sold "as is."
-
Consider purchasing a used car
from an individual you know and trust. They are more likely than
other sellers to charge a lower price and point out any problems
with the car.
Auto Leasing
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Don't decide to lease a car just
because the payments are lower than on a traditional auto loan. The
leasing payments may be lower because you don't own the car at the
end of the lease.
-
Leasing a car is very
complicated. When shopping, consider the price of the car (known as
the capitalized cost), your trade-in allowance, any down payment,
monthly payments, various fees (excess mileage, excess "wear
and tear," end-of- lease), and the cost of buying the car at
the end of the lease. Keys to Vehicle Leasing: A Consumer Guide,
published by the Federal Reserve Board and Federal Trade Commission,
is a valuable source of information about auto leasing.
Gasoline
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You can save hundreds of dollars
a year by comparing prices at different stations, pumping gas
yourself, and using the lowest-octane called for in your owner's
manual.
-
You can save up to $100 a year on
gas by keeping your engine tuned and your tires inflated to their
proper pressure.
Car Repairs
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Consumers lose billions of
dollars each year on unneeded or poorly done car repairs. The most
important step that you can take to save money on these repairs is
to find a skilled, honest mechanic. Before you need repairs, look
for a mechanic who:
-
is certified and well
established;
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has done good work for someone
you know; and
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communicates well about repair
options and costs.
Auto
Insurance
-
You can save several hundred
dollars a year by purchasing auto insurance from a licensed,
low-price insurer. Call your state insurance department for a
publication showing typical prices charged by different companies.
Then call at least four of the lowest-priced, licensed insurers to
learn what they would charge you for the same coverage.
-
Talk to your agent or insurer
about raising your deductibles on collision and comprehensive
coverage to at least $500 or, if you have an old car, dropping this
coverage altogether. Taking these steps can save you hundreds of
dollars a year.
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Make certain that your new policy
is in effect before dropping your old one.
Homeowner/Renter
Insurance
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You can save several hundred
dollars a year on homeowner insurance and up to $50 a year on renter
insurance by purchasing insurance from a low-price, licensed
insurer. Ask your state insurance department for a publication
showing typical prices charged by different licensed companies. Then
call at least four of the lowest priced insurers to learn what they
would charge you. If such a publication is not available, it is even
more important to call at least four insurers for price quotes.
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Make certain you purchase enough
coverage to replace the house and its contents.
"Replacement" on the house means rebuilding to its current
condition.
-
Make certain your new policy is
in effect before dropping your old one.
Life
Insurance
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If you want insurance protection
only, and not a savings and investment product, buy a term life
insurance policy.
-
If you want to buy a whole life,
universal life, or other cash value policy, plan to hold it for at
least 15 years. Canceling these policies after only a few years can
more than double your life insurance costs.
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Check the National Association of
Insurance Commissioners website (www.naic.org/servlet/cis.Main)
or your local library for information on the financial soundness of
insurance companies.
Checking
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You can save more than $100 a
year in fees by selecting a checking account with a low (or no)
minimum balance requirement that you can, and do, meet. Request a
list of these and other fees (including ATM and debit card fees)
that are charged on these accounts.
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Banking institutions often will
drop or lower checking fees if paychecks are directly deposited by
your employer. Direct deposit offers the additional advantages of
convenience, security, and immediate access to your money.
Savings and
Investment Products
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Before opening a savings or
investment account with a bank or other financial institution, find
out whether the account is insured by the federal government (FDIC
or NCUA). An increasing number of products offered by these
institutions, including mutual stock funds and annuities, are not
insured.
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To earn the highest return on
savings (annual percentage yield) with little or no risk, consider
certificates of deposit (CDs) or U.S. Savings Bonds (Series I or
EE).
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Once you select a type of savings
or investment product, compare rates and fees offered by different
institutions. These rates can vary a lot and, over time, can
significantly affect interest earnings.
Credit Cards
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You can save as much as a
thousand dollars or more each year in lower credit card interest
charges by paying off your entire bill each month or by using a
check, cash or debit card for purchases.
-
If you are unable to pay off a
large balance, pay as much as you can and switch to a credit card
with a low annual percentage rate (APR). You can obtain listings of
low-rate credit cards through www.cardlocator.com
or www.bankrate.com
(click on credit cards), which provide information at no charge to
consumers.
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You can reduce credit card fees,
which may add up to well over $100 a year, by getting rid of all but
one or two cards, and by avoiding annual, late payment, and
over-the-credit limit fees.
Auto Loans
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If you have significant savings
earning a low interest rate, consider making a large down payment or
even paying for the car in cash. This could save you as much as
several thousand dollars in finance charges.
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You can save as much as hundreds
of dollars in finance charges by shopping for the cheapest loan.
Contact several banks, your credit union, and the auto
manufacturer's own finance company.
First
Mortgage Loans
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Although your monthly payment may
be higher, you can save tens of thousands of dollars in interest
charges by shopping for the shortest-term mortgage you can afford.
On a $100,000 fixed-rate loan at 7% annual percentage rate (APR),
for example, you will pay over $75,000 less in interest on a 15-year
mortgage than on a 30-year mortgage.
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You can save thousands of dollars
in interest charges by shopping for the lowest-rate mortgage with
the fewest points. On a 15-year $100,000 fixed-rate mortgage, just
lowering the APR from 7% to 6.5% can save you more than $5,000 in
interest charges, and paying two points instead of three would save
you an additional $1,000.
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If your local newspaper does not
periodically run mortgage rate surveys, call at least six lenders
for information about their rates (APRs), points, and fees. You may
also check www.bankrate.com
for mortgage information in your area. Then ask an accountant to
compute precisely how much each mortgage option will cost and its
tax implications.
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Be aware that the interest rate
on most adjustable rate mortgage loans (ARMs) can vary a great deal
over the lifetime of the mortgage. An increase of several percentage
points might raise payments by hundreds of dollars per month.
Mortgage
Refinancing
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Consider refinancing your
mortgage if you can get a rate that is at least one percentage point
lower than your existing mortgage rate and plan to keep the new
mortgage for several years or more. Ask an accountant to calculate
precisely how much your new mortgage (including points, fees and
closing costs) will cost and whether, in the long run, it will cost
less than your current mortgage.
Home Equity
Loans
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Be cautious in taking out home
equity loans. The loans reduce or may even eliminate the equity that
you have built up in your home. Equity is the cash you would have if
you sold your house and paid off your mortgage loans. If you are
unable to make payments, you could lose your home.
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Compare home equity loans offered
by at least four reputable lending institutions. Consider the
interest rate on the loan and the annual percentage rate (APR),
which includes other costs, such as origination fees, discount
points, mortgage insurance and other fees. Ask if the rate changes,
and if so, how it is calculated and how frequently, as this will
affect the amount of your monthly payments.
Home Purchase
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You can often negotiate a lower
sale price by employing a buyer broker who works for you not the
seller. If the buyer broker or the broker's firm also lists
properties, there may be a conflict of interest, so ask them to tell
you if they are showing you a property that they have listed.
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Do not purchase any house until
it has been examined by a home inspector that you selected.
Renting a
Place to Live
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Do not limit your rental housing
search to classified ads or referrals from friends and
acquaintances. Select buildings where you would like to live and
contact their building manager or owner to see if anything is
available.
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Remember that signing a lease
probably obligates you to make all monthly payments for the term of
the agreement.
Home
Improvement
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Home repairs often cost thousands
of dollars and are the subject of frequent complaints. Select from
among several well established, licensed contractors who have
submitted written, fixed-price bids for the work.
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Do not sign any contract that
requires full payment before satisfactory completion of the work.
Major
Appliances
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Consult Consumer Reports,
available in most public libraries, for information about specific
brands and how to evaluate them, including energy use. There are
often great price and quality differences among brands.
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Once you've selected a brand,
check the phone book to learn what stores carry this brand, then
call at least four of these stores for the prices of specific
models. After each store has given you a quote, ask if that's the
lowest price they can offer you. This comparison shopping can save
you as much as $100 or more.
Electricity
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To save as much as hundreds of
dollars a year on electricity, make certain that any new appliances
you purchase, especially air conditioners and furnaces, are
energy-efficient. Information on the energy efficiency of major
appliances is found on Energy Guide Labels required by federal law.
- Enrolling in load management programs and
off-hour rate programs offered by your electric utility may save you
up to $100 a year in electricity costs. Call your electric utility
for information about these cost-saving programs.
Home Heating
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A home energy audit can identify
ways to save up to hundreds of dollars a year on home heating (and
air conditioning). Ask your electric or gas utility if they can do
this audit for free or for a reasonable charge. If they cannot, ask
them to refer you to a qualified professional.
Telephone
Service
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At least once a year review your
phone bills for the previous three months to see what local, local
toll, long distance, and international calls you normally make. Call
several phone companies, including wireless companies, to find an
inexpensive calling plan that meets your needs.
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If you make very few toll or long
distance calls, avoid calling plans with monthly fees or minimums.
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Check your phone bill to see if
you have optional calling services you don't use. Each option you
drop could save you $40 or more each year.
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Before making calls when away
from home, compare per minute rates and surcharges for different
prepaid phone cards and calling card plans to find the one that
saves you the most money.
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Dial your long distance calls
directly. Using an operator to place the call can cost you up to $10
extra.
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If you use a wireless phone, make sure your
wireless calling plan covers the calls you typically make.
Understand promotions, peak calling periods, area coverage and
roaming, and long distance requirements to avoid paying too much.
Food
Purchased at Markets
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You can save hundreds of dollars
a year by shopping at the lower-priced food stores. Convenience
stores often charge the highest prices.
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You will spend less on food if
you shop with a list.
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You can save hundreds of dollars
a year by comparing price-per-ounce or other unit prices on shelf
labels. Stock up on those items with low per-unit costs.
Prescription
Drugs
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Since brand name drugs are
usually much more expensive than their generic equivalents, ask your
physician and pharmacist for generic drugs whenever appropriate.
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Since pharmacies may charge
widely different prices for the same medicine, call several. When
taking a drug for a long time, also consider calling mail-order
pharmacies, which often charge lower prices.
Funeral
Arrangements
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Make your wishes known about your
funeral, memorial, or burial arrangements in writing. Be cautious
about prepaying because there may be risks involved.
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For information about the least
costly options, which could save you several thousand dollars,
contact a local memorial society, which is usually listed in the
Yellow Pages under funeral services.
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Before selecting a funeral home,
call several and ask for prices of specific goods and services, or
visit them to obtain an itemized price list. You are entitled to
this information by law and, by using it to comparison shop, you can
save hundreds of dollars.
Updated January 2002
Consumer Information home page
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